{"id":3683630,"date":"2024-10-23T22:07:23","date_gmt":"2024-10-23T19:07:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.arb.ro\/?p=3683630"},"modified":"2024-11-05T22:26:40","modified_gmt":"2024-11-05T20:26:40","slug":"gabriela-folcut-director-executiv-arb-s-a-simtit-un-apetit-mai-mare-al-populatiei-de-a-se-imprumuta-pe-fondul-reducerii-dobanzilor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.arb.ro\/en\/gabriela-folcut-director-executiv-arb-s-a-simtit-un-apetit-mai-mare-al-populatiei-de-a-se-imprumuta-pe-fondul-reducerii-dobanzilor\/","title":{"rendered":"Gabriela Folcu\u021b, director executiv ARB: S-a sim\u021bit un apetit mai mare al popula\u021biei de a se \u00eemprumuta pe fondul reducerii dob\u00e2nzilor"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Sistemul bancar din Rom\u00e2nia este stabil, solid \u0219i rezilient, cu indicatori peste mediile din UE, spune, la emisiunea PROFIT LIVE de la Profit.ro, Gabriela Folcu\u021b, director executiv al Asocia\u021biei Rom\u00e2ne a B\u0103ncilor (ARB).<\/strong><\/p>

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\u201eIndicatorul de solvabilitate se situeaz\u0103 la 24%, de 3 ori peste minimul necesar. \u00cen acela\u0219i timp, indicatorul de acoperire a necesarului de lichiditate este la 286% \u00een luna martie a anului 2024, mult peste media european\u0103 de 167%, \u00eenregistrat\u0103 \u00een decembrie 2023 la nivelul UE.<\/em><\/p>

Gradul de acoperire cu provizioane a creditelor neperformante este de 66%, \u00een timp ce media UE este 42,3%. \u00cen acela\u0219i timp, rata creditelor neperformante a continuat trendul de sc\u0103dere \u0219i a ajuns undeva la 2,49% \u0219i tinde spre media UE. To\u021bi ace\u0219ti indicatori arat\u0103 c\u0103 avem un sistem apt s\u0103 finan\u021beze economia, fie c\u0103 vorbim de economia real\u0103, m\u0103 refer aici la popula\u021bie \u0219i companii, fie c\u0103 vorbim de \u00eemprumuturile acordate statului rom\u00e2n.<\/em><\/p>

Avem toate ingredientele necesare s\u0103 ne \u00eendeplinim acel rol de finan\u021bator principal al economiei na\u021bionale<\/em>\u201d, mai spune aceasta.<\/p>

\u00cen ceea ce prive\u0219te gradul de intermediere financiar\u0103, din perspectiva ponderii creditelor neguvernamentale \u00een PIB, acesta se situa la 24% \u00een 2023, departe de media european\u0103 de 90%.<\/p>

\u201eSuntem la coada clasamentului<\/em>\u201d, subliniaz\u0103 Gabriela Folcu\u021b.<\/p>

Din perspectiva ponderii activelor \u00een PIB, gradul de intermediere financiar\u0103 este de 4,4 ori mai mic dec\u00e2t media UE<\/p>

\u201e\u00cen Rom\u00e2nia este 50%, calculat ca ponderea activelor \u00een PIB<\/em>\u201d, afirm\u0103 aceasta.<\/p>

Factorii care influen\u021beaz\u0103 intermedierea financiar\u0103 sunt contextul interna\u021bional \u0219i evolu\u021biile macroeconomice, stabilitatea sistemului, rata de neperforman\u021b\u0103, nivelul dob\u00e2nzilor, infla\u021biei \u0219i al cursului de schimb, digitalizarea versus birocra\u021bia, cadrul de reglementare \u0219i legislativ, \u00eenclina\u021bia popula\u021biei de a se \u00eemprumuta \u0219i capacitatea de a se \u00eemprumuta \u0219i gradul de educa\u021bie financiar\u0103.<\/p>

\u201eNe uit\u0103m \u00een primul r\u00e2nd la contextul interna\u021bional. Pe harta riscurilor la adresa stabilit\u0103\u021bii financiare BNR raporteaz\u0103 ca risc sistemic sever acesta legat de contextul interna\u021bional privind r\u0103zboiul din Ucraina \u0219i conflictul din Orientul Mijlociu. Este evident c\u0103 \u00een astfel de situa\u021bii oamenii sunt mai pruden\u021bi, firmele pot s\u0103-\u0219i am\u00e2ne investi\u021biile \u0219i op\u021biunea de a se \u00eemprumuta chiar \u0219i pe termen scurt, dar mai ales pe termen lung<\/em>\u201d, explic\u0103 directorul executiv al ARB.<\/p>

\u00cen ceea ce prive\u0219te contextul macroeconomic, Rom\u00e2nia \u00eenregistreaz\u0103 \u00een continuare problematici legate de deficitele gemene.<\/p>

\u201eNoi \u0219tim foarte bine c\u0103 Rom\u00e2nia s-a eviden\u021biat \u00een ultimii ani ca av\u00e2nd unul dintre cele mai ridicate deficite bugetare. Suntem \u00een top 10 din punct de vedere al acestui clasament la nivelul UE. Anul trecut am \u00eenregistrat un deficit bugetar de 6,6%, anul acesta se preconizeaz\u0103 un nivel peste acest prag, \u00een timp ce deficitul de cont curent ridic\u0103 probleme. Aceste probleme la adresa economiei Rom\u00e2niei sunt de ani de zile, \u00een special pe zona deficitului bugetar<\/em>\u201d, precizeaz\u0103 Gabriela Folcu\u021b.<\/p>

Cei trei factori structurali principali care influen\u021beaz\u0103 deficitele gemene sunt nivelul ridicat al economiei gri ca pondere \u00een PIB, care se situa la 24% \u00een 2021, demografia \u0219i ponderea foarte mare a companiilor cu capital negativ. O treime dintre companiile din Rom\u00e2nia au capital negativ.<\/p>

\u201e\u00cenainte de pandemie Rom\u00e2nia, de\u0219i \u00een Siria era r\u0103zboi, se situa pe locul 2 la nivel mondial din punct de vedere al migra\u021biei. For\u021ba de munc\u0103 a emigrat. 25% din for\u021ba de munc\u0103 activ\u0103 a emigrat \u00eenainte de pandemie. Deja am ajuns \u00een 25 de jude\u021be din 41 s\u0103 avem un num\u0103r de pensionari mai mare dec\u00e2t num\u0103rul de angaja\u021bi.<\/em><\/p>

Totodat\u0103, 1 t\u00e2n\u0103r din 5 nu este \u00eencadrat \u00eentr-un loc de munc\u0103 \u0219i nici nu urmeaz\u0103 studii superioare. Rata e de 20% aproximativ. Asta spune foarte multe despre capacitatea noastr\u0103 de a aduce plus valoare la bugetul statului \u00een economie \u0219i totodat\u0103, pe viitor, vis-a-vis de sustenabilitatea sistemului de pensii<\/em>\u201d, explic\u0103 aceasta.<\/p>

Despre cadrul legislativ \u0219i de reglementare, Gabriela Folcu\u021b afirm\u0103 c\u0103, dup\u0103 criza financiar\u0103 din 2008-2010, acesta a generat o serie de elemente care au restr\u00e2ns capabilitatea clien\u021bilor de a se \u00eemprumuta. Dar, \u00eentr-un fel, a adus \u0219i un beneficiu, diminu\u00e2nd acel risc care s-a \u00eenregistrat \u00een perioada crizei financiare din 2008-2010.<\/p>

\u201eAre p\u0103r\u021bi bune \u0219i mai pu\u021bin bune. \u00cen schimb, pe zona cadrului legislativ avem nevoie de o predictibilitate.<\/em><\/p>

Pe zona legislativ\u0103 cea mai recent\u0103 m\u0103sur\u0103 este taxarea \u00een func\u021bie de cifra de afaceri, de 2%, care este aplicat\u0103 b\u0103ncilor, asta \u00een condi\u021biile \u00een care sunt b\u0103nci care nu \u00eenregistreaz\u0103 \u0219i n-au \u00eenregistrat nici \u00eenainte de aceast\u0103 tax\u0103 profit. Asta \u00eensemn\u0103 c\u0103, indiferent dac\u0103 au sau nu au profit, b\u0103ncile sunt obligate s\u0103 pl\u0103teasc\u0103 aceast\u0103 tax\u0103.<\/em><\/p>

\u0218i atunci, e foarte important de men\u021bionat c\u0103 sistemul bancar a capitalizat aproximativ sau poate chiar peste 60% din profiturile \u00eenregistrate \u00een ultimii ani. Capitalizarea ne ajut\u0103 s\u0103 credit\u0103m mai mult. \u00cen momentul \u00een care noi nu ob\u021binem profit \u0219i cu at\u00e2t mai mult se majoreaz\u0103 pierderea pe fondul tax\u0103rii, e clar c\u0103 nu o s\u0103 putem veni cu capital suplimentar din perspectiva profitului pe care putem s\u0103-l reinvestim. \u0218i atunci, capacitatea noastr\u0103 de a credita se reduce.<\/em><\/p>

Deci, practic \u00een situa\u021bia unor b\u0103nci, poate c\u0103 e mai u\u0219or de suportat, dar sunt \u0219i b\u0103nci care au \u00eenregistrat aceste probleme \u0219i le \u00eenregistreaz\u0103 \u00een continuare pentru c\u0103 taxa de 2% \u00een continuare exist\u0103 \u00een sistemul bancar diferen\u021biat. Nu s-a luat \u00een calcul neutralitatea m\u0103surilor fiscale \u00een raport cu orice contributor<\/em>\u201d, precizeaz\u0103 directorul executiv al ARB.<\/p>

Gabriela Folcu\u021b men\u021bioneaz\u0103 \u0219i importan\u021ba digitaliz\u0103rii \u00een cre\u0219terea gradului de intermediere financiar\u0103 \u0219i afirm\u0103 c\u0103, \u00een ultimii ani, b\u0103ncile au investit miliarde de lei \u00een digitalizare pentru a oferi clien\u021bilor acelea\u0219i beneficii ca cele state ale UE.<\/p>

Dou\u0103 proiecte majore care urmeaz\u0103 s\u0103 se implementeze \u00een cur\u00e2nd \u0219i care au \u00een vedere digitalizarea sunt recunoa\u0219terea caracterului juridic a semn\u0103turii electronice simple \u0219i avansate, at\u00e2t pentru persoane fizice, c\u00e2t \u0219i pentru persoane juridice, dar \u0219i protocolul \u00eencheiat cu Direc\u021bia General\u0103 pentru Eviden\u021ba Persoanelor, care va permite b\u0103ncilor s\u0103 actualizeze informa\u021bii cu privire la datele personale ale clien\u021bilor lor, \u00een conformitatea cu Legea 129\/2019 mult mai u\u0219or.<\/p>

\u201eMilioane de clien\u021bi nu vor mai fi nevoi\u021bi s\u0103 mearg\u0103 la banc\u0103 \u00een momentul \u00een care toate b\u0103ncile vor fi conectate la acest serviciu pus la dispozi\u021bie de Direc\u021bia General\u0103 pentru Eviden\u021ba Persoanelor. P\u00e2n\u0103 la acest moment 3 b\u0103nci sunt \u00een faza pilot \u0219i sper\u0103m s\u0103 intre \u0219i celelalte b\u0103nci c\u00e2t mai cur\u00e2nd<\/em>\u201d, precizeaz\u0103 aceasta.<\/p>

Activitatea de creditare este influen\u021bat\u0103 \u0219i de nivelul infla\u021biei, al dob\u00e2nzilor \u0219i al cursului de schimb valutar.<\/p>

\u201eAsist\u0103m \u00een momentul de fa\u021b\u0103 la un trend de reducere a ratei infla\u021biei, suntem undeva la 4,6%, asta dup\u0103 ce am traversat o perioad\u0103 a banilor scumpi. Mai toate b\u0103ncile centrale se uit\u0103 s\u0103 relaxeze dob\u00e2nda de politic\u0103 monetar\u0103. S-a sim\u021bit oricum un apetit mai mare al popula\u021biei de a se \u00eemprumuta pe fondul reducerii dob\u00e2nzilor<\/em>\u201d, afirm\u0103 ea, ad\u0103ug\u00e2nd c\u0103, \u00een primele opt luni ale anului, popula\u021bia \u0219i companiile au accesat credite noi \u00een valoare de 114 miliarde lei, \u00een cre\u0219tere cu 28% comparativ cu perioada similar\u0103 a anului trecut.<\/p>

\u201eAceast\u0103 cre\u0219tere a creditelor noi a fost \u00een general accesat\u0103 de popula\u021bie cu o pondere de 56,4%, \u00een timp ce companiile au accesat credite de aproximativ 50 miliarde lei. \u00cens\u0103, dac\u0103 ne referim la capacitatea popula\u021biei de a se \u00eemprumuta si a companiilor, aici cred c\u0103 e loc de \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021biri.<\/em><\/p>

Cred c\u0103 e necesar\u0103 o strategie na\u021bional\u0103 de cre\u0219tere a intermedierii financiare care s\u0103 adreseze toate problemele structurale la nivelul economiei na\u021bionale. Spre exemplu, popula\u021bia \u00eenregistreaz\u0103 un apetit bun \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te posibilitatea de a se \u00eemprumuta, dar s\u0103 nu uit\u0103m c\u0103 o treime din rom\u00e2ni se afl\u0103 \u00een prag de s\u0103r\u0103cie \u0219i excluziune social\u0103. Practic, plaja se \u00eengusteaz\u0103 a celor care pot s\u0103 acceseze un credit<\/em>\u201d, mai explic\u0103 Gabriela Folcu\u021b, men\u021bion\u00e2nd \u0219i c\u0103 o treime din companii au capitaluri negative, astfel c\u0103 nu se pot \u00eemprumuta de la b\u0103nci.<\/p>

La nivel na\u021bional, gradul de incluziune financiara a ajuns la 71%, \u00een luna iunie 2024, \u00eenc\u0103 departe de media UE, care se situeaz\u0103 la circa 95%.<\/p>

\u201e1 rom\u00e2n din 3 se afl\u0103 \u00een prag de s\u0103r\u0103cie \u0219i excluziune social\u0103, rata e de 34,4% la nivel na\u021bional \u0219i ne plaseaz\u0103 pe locul 1 \u00een topul UE vs. o medie de 21%. Factorii, pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 s\u0103r\u0103cie, mai sunt lega\u021bi \u0219i de educa\u021bia financiar\u0103. \u00cencep\u00e2nd cu anul 2017 Rom\u00e2nia are o lege \u00een vigoare care permite accesul persoanelor vulnerabile la un cont curent de pl\u0103\u021bi de baz\u0103 gratuit<\/em>\u201d, mai spune ea.<\/p>

\u201eDin perspectiva educa\u021biei, lucrurile au evoluat bine \u00een sensul \u00een care am dep\u0103\u0219it Letonia \u0219i Portugalia, cu privire la scorul de alfabetizare financiar\u0103. Am adoptat anul acesta la nivel na\u021bional o strategie na\u021bional\u0103 de educa\u021bie financiar\u0103, care are 3 piloni: elevii \u0219i tineri cu v\u00e2rsta de p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 25 de ani, popula\u021bia adult\u0103 \u0219i companiile.<\/em><\/p>

Implement\u0103m \u0219i noi la r\u00e2ndul nostru programe de educa\u021bie financiar\u0103 care s\u0103 conduc\u0103 la un nivel mai crescut de con\u0219tientizare cu privire la tot ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 produse \u0219i servicii financiare dar nu numai, e valabil \u0219i pentru cei care nu apeleaz\u0103 la ele, ci \u00ee\u0219i gestioneaz\u0103 propriul buget.<\/em><\/p>

Noi \u00eencerc\u0103m prin aceast\u0103 strategie de educa\u021bie financiar\u0103 s\u0103 cre\u0219tem con\u0219tientizarea cu privire la de\u021binerea de produse \u0219i servicii bancare. Cu c\u00e2t cre\u0219te educa\u021bia, cre\u0219te \u0219i incluziunea<\/em>\u201d, completeaz\u0103 Gabriela Folcu\u021b.<\/p>

Sursa: aici<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Gabriela Folcu\u021b, Director Executiv Asocia\u021bia Rom\u00e2n\u0103 a B\u0103ncilor, BURSA – SUPLIMENT EDUCA\u021aIA \u2013 13 septembrie 2022<\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":3683631,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3683630","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aparitii-media"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nGabriela Folcu\u021b, director executiv ARB: S-a sim\u021bit un apetit mai mare al popula\u021biei de a se \u00eemprumuta pe fondul reducerii dob\u00e2nzilor - Asocia\u021bia Rom\u00e2n\u0103 a B\u0103ncilor (ARB)<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.arb.ro\/en\/gabriela-folcut-director-executiv-arb-s-a-simtit-un-apetit-mai-mare-al-populatiei-de-a-se-imprumuta-pe-fondul-reducerii-dobanzilor\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Gabriela Folcu\u021b, director executiv ARB: S-a sim\u021bit un apetit mai mare al popula\u021biei de a se \u00eemprumuta pe fondul reducerii dob\u00e2nzilor - 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